Islamic Cairo has been developing for over a thousand years, and although the name suggests so, it is not only about religious aspects but also spiritual, educational, and dynastic history, with Islamic art and urban design coming together.
This area is known to be one of the most historically rich and captivating areas not just in Egypt, but in the whole world.
Cairo is nicknamed the City of a Thousand Minarets
Here, you will find stories as old as time from different scholars, spiritual guides, and sheikhs. Experience travelling back in time and visit where time stands still, surrounded by carefully and majestically built citadels, stunning mosques, tall minarets, and beautiful bazaars.
Islamic Cairo: What Is It?
The historic heart of the city has maintained its traditional core despite the busy hustle and bustle of the surrounding capital. It was primarily developed during the Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, and Ottoman dynasties and boasts over 600 historic monuments.
It is a place where you can explore the rich history and development of Islamic culture that has shaped the way the world is today.
What Can You See There?
Mosques
There are three mosques in this part of the city, although they are not the only ones you can see throughout Cairo. These mosques are used not only for the five daily prayers performed by all Muslims but also as centres for learning, charity, and political influence.
Al-Azhar Mosque
Known as one of the most important mosques in the Islamic world, it was built in 970 CE by the Fatimids. Today, it is the world’s second-oldest continually operating university and a beacon of Islamic scholarship known as Al-Azhar University. Connecting spiritual welfare and centuries of educational tradition, surrounded by beautiful courtyards, this mosque captures the hearts of Muslims and non-Muslims from all over the world.
Al-Azhar Mosque
Sultan Hassan Mosque
Sitting at the foot of the Citadel and built in the 14th century, this mosque is one of the grandest in the world. With a great contrast between its large stone walls and entrances and the delicate, intricate details of its prayer halls connected by a central courtyard designed by the Mamluk dynasty, this mosque is a delight to visit not only for the heart but also for the eyes and mind.
Sultan Hassan Mosque
Mosque of Ibn Tulun
Built in the 9th century, this is one of the oldest mosques in Cairo. Its large, open courtyard gives the centre of the mosque a serene silence, providing perfect tranquillity for spiritual meditation and awakening. It is easy to lose yourself in this peaceful bubble in the middle of a busy city.
Ibn Tulun Mosque
Cairo Citadel
For nearly 800 years, this monument has stood as a symbol of power and protection. It was built by Salah al-Din to protect the city from Crusaders in the 16th century. This medieval fortress has hosted many of Egypt’s rulers throughout the years. The Citadel is also home to the famous Muhammad Ali Mosque, which can be seen from Cairo’s skyline.
One of the newer mosques in Cairo, built in the 19th century, it has a different feel from the others you can visit, yet it is still just as breathtaking with its Ottoman architecture.
Cairo Citadel, built by Saladin
The Citadel is not only home to religious artefacts but also to military history. With military museums, armouries, and remnants of royal palaces inside, you can fulfil your desire to learn about the different powers that ruled Egypt over the years, from the Mamluks and Ottomans to the era of Muhammad Ali Pasha.
Streets of History
It’s not hard to keep busy and get lost in the whirlwind of culture and history that the streets themselves provide. Have your afternoon tea in El Fishawy Café, which has been open and operating for over 200 years, explore hidden gems down secret alleyways, and fill your bargaining boots at the various bazaars dotted around the city.
Al Fishawy Cafe, downtown Cairo
The most famous bazaar of not only Islamic Cairo but probably Cairo itself is Khan el-Khalili, a treat for all your senses and a destination for all your desires.
Must Know
- Avoid busy crowds and the heat of the day by visiting early in the morning or late in the afternoon (also consider prayer times).
- Modest dress is best – since it is ultimately a religious complex, shoulders and knees should be covered, and if entering a mosque, ladies will need to cover their heads.
- Comfortable shoes, a hat, and sunglasses are recommended.
- Make sure you have plenty of water with you.
- Take Egyptian pounds – most vendors will probably accept foreign currency, but this can complicate bargaining; Egyptian cash is best.
- You can take a guided tour of Islamic Cairo, which allows for an organised visit, ensuring you do not miss anything during your day.
- Be respectful and keep an open mind. Allow the beauty and history to soak in, but remember that the practices of Islam, years of history, and peace are preserved in this city.
The Islamic City of Cairo is a place for everyone. Experience what is known as the heart of Cairo and immerse yourself in all it has to offer.
